VOLUME I

Foreword

For the year 2000, the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC) of the College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology (CEAT), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), initiated the drafting of thirty five (35) agricultural engineering standards which includes updating of existing Philippine National Standards, pursuance of pending draft standards, adoption of international and related standards from other engineering fields, and formulation of new standards.

These standards include standard terminology, standard specification/application and standard method of test for agricultural production machinery, postharvest machinery, engineering materials, and agricultural structures.

These Standards were technically drafted in accordance with PNS 01:Part 4:1998 – Rules for the Structure and the Drafting of Philippine National Standards.

Technical Committees responsible for reviewing the draft standards were composed of members from different private and government agencies/institutions.

The Technical Committee reviewed the draft standards taking into account their appropriateness to Philippine conditions. Each standard was circulated to no less than fifty (50) private and government agencies/organizations concerned to solicit comments, suggestions and reactions. The draft standards were presented to the Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers (PSAE) and subjected to a public hearing organized by the National Agriculture and Fisheries Council (NAFC). The comments and reactions received during the presentation and public hearing were taken into consideration in the finalization of the standards.

The PSAE unanimously passed Resolution No. 25 s. 2001 adopting these standards as technical standards of the agricultural engineering profession. Likewise, these standards were adopted by the Department of Agriculture and shall serve as National Standards for Agricultural Engineering under Administrative Order No. 10, s. 2002.

These standards shall, hereon, be referred to as Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards (PAES).

Production Machinery

PAES 101: 2000 – Technical Means for Ensuring Safety – General (Old)

This standard provides guidelines pertaining to the prevention of accidents arising from the use of tractors and machinery for agriculture. It also specifies technical means of improving the degree of safety of operators and others involved in the course of normal operation, service and maintenance of the machine. It includes provisions for guard types and construction, safety distance, working stability, operator’s workplace, means for moving and supporting machines, and power transmission.

PAES 102:2000 –  Operator’s Manual – Content and Presentation 

This standard gives guidance for the content and presentation of operator’s manual for tractors and machinery for agriculture. It includes information on manual identification; categories of information; machine identification; safety notes and warning; operating information; accessories and attachments; maintenance instructions; and handling, reception, transportation, assembly and installation.

PAES 103: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Method of Sampling

This standard prescribes the procedures for sampling agricultural machinery and its components, unless specified in the respective product specification. This applies to the finished products in the production line.

PAES 104: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Location and Method of Operation of Operator’s Controls – Control for Agricultural Tractors and Machinery

This standard applies to the following agricultural machines: agricultural tractors, self-propelled and pedestrian-operated machines, implements, and combination thereof primarily used for agricultural operations.

PAES 105: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Symbols for Operator’s Controls and Other Displays – Common Symbols

This standard specifies symbols which are commonly used for controls and other displays on agricultural machinery and equipment. It includes designation and illustration of commonly used symbols.

PAES 106: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Soil Tillage and Equipment – Terminology

This standard includes the definitions used in the general classification, design, construction, operation and performance of tillage equipment and soil-tool relationships.

PAES 107: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Hitch for Walking-type Agricultural Tractor – Specifications

This standard specifies the classification, dimensions of hitch and pin, requirements, and materials of hitch for walking-type agricultural tractor (which is commonly known as hand tractor).

PAES 108: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Hexagonal Axle and Hub for Walking-type Agricultural Tractor – Specification 

This standard specifies the materials and dimensions of hexagonal axle and hub (including their fasteners) for walking-type agricultural tractor (which is commonly known as hand tractor).

PAES 109: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Walking-type Agricultural Tractor – Part 1: Pull-type – Specifications (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for walking-type agricultural tractor which is classified as pull-type. This includes tractors with chain and sprocket transmission system, gear transmission system and combination thereof. It also includes requirements on warranty for construction and durability; maintenance and operation; and packaging, marking and labeling.

PAES 111:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Walking-Type Agricultural Tractor – Methods of Test (Old)

This standard specifies the methods of test and inspection for walking-type agricultural tractor, which can also be temporarily used for riding by the use of attachments. Specifically, it shall be used to: (1) verify the requirements specified in PAES 109 and PAES 110 and the specifications submitted by the manufacturer; (2) determine the field performance of the machine; (3) evaluate the ease of handling and safety features; (4) determine the laboratory performance of the machine such as transmission efficiency, varying load performance and continuous running; and (5) prepare a report on the results of the tests.

PAES 112: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Lever-Operated Knapsack Sprayer – Specifications (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for construction and performance of lever-operated knapsack sprayer (LOKS) in which hydraulic nozzles are used for the application of liquid chemicals in agriculture. It contains requirements on tank, pump and lever, filter assembly, filling hole, hose and lance, cut-off valve assembly, nozzle assembly, strap, connectors and fasteners, pressure regulator, pressure gauge, and fluid level indicator. It also includes requirements on warranty for construction and durability; maintenance and operation; and packaging, marking and labeling.

PAES 113: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Lever-Operated Knapsack Sprayer – Methods of Test (Old)  

This standard specifies the methods of test for lever-operated knapsack sprayer. The verification and test of knapsack sprayers shall consist of verification of specifications, laboratory test (i.e. tests on volumetric efficiency; leak; tilt and inversion; nozzle performance; cut-off valve; pressure chamber fatigue; continuous running; strap; and drop) and actual field test (i.e. tests on rate of work; ease of operation; and operator’s safety).

PAES 114: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Centrifugal Pump – Specifications

This standard specifies the requirements for construction and performance of centrifugal pump which is used in agriculture. It also includes requirements on workmanship and finish; warranty for construction and durability; maintenance and operation; and marking and labeling.

PAES 115: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Centrifugal, Mixed Flow and Axial Flow Water Pumps – Methods of Test
This standard specifies the methods of test for centrifugal, mixed flow and axial flow water pumps. Specifically, the test consists of performance test; cavitation test and priming test (for self-priming pumps).

PAES 117: 2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Small Engine – Methods of Test 

This standard specifies the bench methods for testing fully equipped internal combustion engines with one or two cylinders of up to 20 kW rating used for agricultural purposes. This is applicable to naturally aspirated two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline and diesel engines. Specifically, it shall be used to: (1) verify the requirements specified in PAES 116 and the specifications submitted by the manufacturer; (2) evaluate the operator’s manual as to clarity, usefulness and adaptability; (3) determine the laboratory performance of the engine for ease of starting, at varying speed, and at continuous running condition; and (4) prepare a report on the results of the tests.

Postharvest Machinery

PAES 201:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Heated-Air Mechanical Grain Dryer – Specifications (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for heated-air-mechanical grain dryer used for commercial purposes. It does not include dryers for seeds. It specifies the requirements for performance, safety, workmanship and finish, warranty for construction and durability, testing, and maintenance and operation.

PAES 202:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Heated-Air Mechanical Grain Dryer – Methods of Test (Old)

This standard specifies the methods of test to determine the performance characteristics of grain dryer in its heating system, drying system and quality of dried grains. It also specifies the general conditions for test and inspection, test preparation, test procedure, handling and safety feature and laboratory analysis of dried samples.

PAES 203:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Moisture Content Determination for Rice and Corn 

This standard specifies the methods of determining the moisture content of rice and corn for mechanical grain dryer testing. It specifies the requirements for grain sampling and moisture content determination during the test.

PAES 204:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Mechanical Rice Thresher – Specifications (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for mechanical rice threshers. It specifies the requirements for materials of construction, performance, workmanship and finish, warranty for construction and durability, maintenance and operation, testing, and marking and labeling.

PAES 205:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Mechanical Rice Thresher – Methods of Test (Old)

This standard specifies the methods of test and inspection for mechanical rice thresher. It also specifies the general conditions for test and inspection, test preparation, test procedure, laboratory analysis, and data analysis.

PAES 206:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Rice Mill – Specifications (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for rice mill. It specifies the requirements for materials of construction, performance, workmanship and finish, warranty for construction and durability, maintenance and operation, testing, and marking and labeling.

PAES 207:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Rice Mill – Methods of Test (Old)

This standard specifies the methods of test for rice mill. It also specifies the general conditions for test and inspection, test preparation, pre-test observation, test procedure, laboratory analysis, and data analysis.

PAES 208:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Power-Operated Corn Sheller – Specifications 

This standard specifies the materials and dimensions of hexagonal axle and hub (including their fasteners) for walking-type agricultural tractor (which is commonly known as hand tractor).

PAES 209:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Power-Operated Corn Sheller – Methods of Test

This standard specifies the methods of test and inspection for power-operated corn sheller. It also specifies the general conditions for test and inspection, test preparation, pre-test observation, test procedure, laboratory analysis, and data analysis.

PAES 210:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Corn Mill – Specifications 

This standard specifies the requirements for corn mill. It specifies the requirements for materials of construction, performance, workmanship and finish, warranty for construction and durability, maintenance and operation, testing, and marking and labeling.

PAES 211:2000 – Agricultural Machinery – Corn Mill – Methods of Test

This standard specifies the requirements for the methods of test and inspection for corn mill. It also specifies the general conditions for test and inspection, test preparation, pre-test observation, test procedure, laboratory analysis, and data analysis.

Engineering Materials

PAES 301:2000 – Engineering Materials – V-belts and Pulleys for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications

This standard presents specifications such as belt type, belt length, pulley diameter, and power ratings. This standard also shows the V-belt drive design procedure such as computation of belt length, and the determination belt cross section and the number of belts to be used.

PAES 302:2000 – Engineering Materials – Flat Belts and Pulleys for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications

This standard presents specifications such as belt thickness, belt length, pulley diameter, and power ratings. This standard also shows the flat-belt drive design procedure such as computation of belt length, and the determination of the belt thickness and the width of belt to be used.

PAES 303:2000 – Engineering Materials -Roller Chains and Sprockets for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications  

This standard presents specifications such as chain number chain length, sprocket diameter, and power ratings. This standard also shows chain drive design procedure such as computation of chain length, and the determination of the chain number that is most suitable for the drive.

PAES 304:2000 – Engineering Materials – Keys and Keyways for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications 

This standard specifies the dimensions of parallel keys, taper keys and Woodruff keys made of steel used for agricultural machines (hereafter referred to as “keys” in generic term) and their corresponding keyways. This standard also specifies the length range and the allowable shaft diameter for a certain type and dimension of key. This standard was based from JIS B 1301:1996, Keys and their corresponding keyways.

PAES 305:2000 – Engineering Materials – Shafts for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications

This standard specifies shaft diameter, power rating, and recommended distance between bearings for steel and stainless shafts.

PAES 306:2000 – Engineering Materials – Spur Gears for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications

This standard specifies gear types, standard module, facewidth and power ratings. This standard also specifies gear drive design procedure such as computation of center distance, and the determination of the module and gear combination that is most suitable for the drive.

Agricultural Structures

PAES 410:2000 – Agricultural Structures – Lairage for Swine, Small, and Large Animals (Old) 

This standard specifies the general requirements for lairage for swine, large and small animals. It specifies the location, space requirement, functional and structural requirements for unloading area, ramps, pens, floor, wall, roof, watering and feeding facilities, lighting, drainage, fences and pre-slaughter laneways.

PAES 411:2000 – Agricultural Structures – Slaughterhouse for Swine, Small and Large Animals

This standard specifies the general requirements of slaughterhouse for swine, and for large and small animals. This standard specifies the location, space requirement, physical and structural requirements for foundation, floor, wall, roof, ceiling, doors, watering and feeding facilities, lighting, and drainage. It also specifies the functional areas such as pre-slaughter pen, stunning area, sticking and bleeding area, tripery, cutting and boning area, and storage area.

PAES 419:2000 – Agricultural Structures – Warehouse for Bagged Storage of Grains (Old)

This standard specifies the requirements for warehouse for bagged storage of grains. It does not include storage for seeds. It specifies the location, floor area, structural and functional requirement. Structural requirements include foundation, floor, wall, roof and door. It also specifies the pallet dimension,  piling, pathway, illumination, drainage, ventilation and warehouse management.